Questions 1-6 are 2pts, questions 7-30 are3pts. Total 84 pts.
For questions 1-6, match the lecturer to the topic.
| 1. Datta | A. Viral pathogens |
| 2. Hu | B. Glycans |
| 3. Kladde | C. Stem cells |
| 4. Kao | A. Proteins |
| 5. Pace | B. Signal transduction |
| 6. Panin | C. Chromatin |
7. The fundamental repeating unit of chromatin is the:
A. nucleosome
B. 10 nm chromatin fiber
C. 30 nm chromatin fiber
D. octomer
E. chromosome
8. The protein responsible for chromatin compaction is:
A. erythropoietin
B. hemaglutinin
C. histone
D. laminin
E. RNase T1
9. During which phase of the cell cycle are histones synthesized?
A. G0
B. G1
C. S
D. G2
E. M
10. Histone acetyl transferase adds an acetyl group, CH3-CO-, to lysine. The charge on the lysine residue before and after acetylation is:
A. negative - positive
B. positive - negative
C. negative- neutral
D. positive - neutral
E. neutral - positive
11. Signal transduction, in which extracellular signals such as hormones trigger events inside cells, often works through a cascade of:
A. protein-protein interactions of protein kinases
B. acetylation of protein kinases
C. glycoproteins
D. folding and unfolding reactions of protein kinases
E. ATP phosphorylation of protein kinases
12. Gleevec is a new option for patients suffering from Chronic Myelogenous Leukemia. It works by inhibiting:
A. insulin binding to its receptor
B. erythropoietin binding to its receptor
C. histone acetyltransferase
D. RNase T1
E. ATP binding to the ABL protein kinase
13. Erythropoietin stimulates the formation of:
A. kidney cells
B. red blood cells
C. oncogenes
D. neural stem cells
E. pancreatic b-cells
14. The folded, active conformation of RNase T1 is more stable than the unfolded state by:
A. a small amount
B. a large amount
C. 1 kcal/mol
D. 5-10 kcal/mol
E. 50-100 kcal/mol
15. The protein RNase T1:
A. has no enzyme function
B. is found in cows milk
C. hydrolyzes RNA
D. hydrolyzes urea
E. hydrolyzes arginase and the proteosome
16. This year three scientists (two Israelis and one US) were awarded the Nobel Prize for their discovery and elucidation of the structure and function of:
A. the proteosome, which breaks down unneeded and damaged proteins
B. key regulators of early embryonic development
C. key regulators of the cell cycle
D. histones
E. apoptosin, which signals cell suicide
17. In testicular feminization:
A. male is the default state
B. the receptor for testosterone is mutated
C. neuroblasts fail to divide
D. prostate cancer occurs at an early age
E. hedgehog signaling takes over from testosterone signaling
18. Stem cells:
A. have a specific function
B. divide in response to external signals such as FGF or hedgehog
C. are terminally differentiated
D. divide to produce two cells with identical function and fate
E. all the above
19. Mutations in trol reduce:
A. neuroblast division
B. FGF (bnl) signaling
C. hedgehog (Hh) signaling
D. Hh-trol complex formation
E. all the above
20. The linkage between carbohydrates (monosaccharides) in glycans is the:
A. peptide bond
B. H-bond
C. hydrophobic bond
D. glycoconjugate bond
E. glycosidic bond
21. Intrinsic functions of glycans modify
a. solubility
b. stability
c. cell-cell interactions
d. cell-matrix interactions
e. signaling
Choose the correct answer:
A. all the above
B. a, b
C. c, d, e.
D. a, b, c, d.
E. a, c, e.
22. Extrinsic functions of glycans modify:
a. solubility
b. stability
c. cell-cell interactions
d. cell-matrix interactions
e. signaling
Choose the correct answer:
A. all the above
B. a, b
C. c, d, e.
D. a, b, c, d.
E. a, c, e.
23. Two proteins important to the flu virus are:
a. glycosyltransferase
b. histone acetyltransferase
c. hemaglutinin
d. neuraminidase
e. reverse transcriptase
Choose the correct answer:
A. all the above
B. a, b, e
C. a, c, d
D. c, d
E. c, d, e.
24. Antigenic drift is the result of:
A. mutations in hemaglutinin and neuraminidase
B. mutations in glycosyltransferase and histone acetyltransferase
C. mutations in reverse transcriptase
D. recombination of two viral RNA molecules
E. re-assorting of two viral genomes
25. The function of neuraminidase is:
A. binding to receptor on cell surface
B. recombination of 8 ssRNA molecules
C. digestion of mucous coat helping virus entry
D. re-assorting of 8 ssRNA molecules
E. re-assorting of two viral genomes
26. What are the problems associated with Type I diabetics using insulin derived from pigs or cows?
27. Describe how to measure the contribution of H-bonds to protein stability.
28. There is a great deal of interest in using stem cells to cure disease. But what are the dangers of using stem cells?
29. Explain why structure-function relationships are more difficult in glycans.
30. What are the advantages of having multiple RNA molecules in RNA viruses such as polio or hepatitis?