A Brief History of Networking in the U.S.
Edgar Meyer and Norma Field Funkhouser (1998)
J.Chem.Infor.& Comp.Sci. 38:951-955.
Abstract:
The history of computer networking goes back 40 years.
With few exceptions (e.g.,libraries),
the U.S. Government established
a creative environment or directly supported early
developments.
Chemical networking goes back to the year 1971, when
three groups virtually simultaneously initiated access
to chemical and structural databases.
Surprisingly, one of these groups was at Texas A&M University and,
in any event, can thereby lay claim to being the first to initiate
networking in the life sciences.
Figure reproductions and related images follow:
Please click on the boxes below for larger images.
Viewing the red-green BRAD images with red-green
spectacles or filters affords a 3-D view
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| Figure 1 Depicts early (1968) 3-D color raster graphics from
the BRAD
system using red-green stereo separation |
First use of color raster graphics - 1968 - now the standard |
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Figure 3 Illustrates the 3-D display capabilities of program
DISPLAY
on the BRAD system...
A 15A scoop around the haem Fe atom in myoglobin... |
Figure 4 Depicts the first use of computer graphics for the
complete
construction and structural analysis of a protein, Staph
nuclease 1975 |
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First published color molecular graphics image
Brookhaven National Laboratory Annual Report, 1968 |
Electron density coutours (20s) of
Tyrosine
408 in the active site of termite
cellulase "Structure of an endoglucanase from
termite,
Nasutitermes takasagoensis" (2002) S. Khademi, L.A.
Guarino,
H. Watanabe, G. Tokuda & E.F. Meyer, Acta Cryst., D58,
653-659. |